notes

  • the potential form is made by using the え stem of a godan verb and adding the 「る」 potential helper verb (or adding 「られる」 to the base for ichidan verbs)
    • the potential form is usually “self-move”
    • the potential form can be “other-move” in modifying clauses
  • 「見る」 (dictionary form)
    • 「見られる」 (regular potential form)
      • usually refers to having the opportunity to see something
      • 「見れる」 uses the practice of 「ら抜き」 (removing the 「ら」)
    • 「見える」 (irregular potential form)
      • usually refers to being physically able to see something
      • can also be used to say that something “looks like” something
        • ex: 「彼はカエルに見える。」 means “He looks like a frog.”
  • 「聞く」 (dictionary form)
    • 「聞ける」 (regular potential form)
    • 「聞こえる」 (irregular potential form)
      • can be used to say that something “sounds like” something
        • ex: 「0が奇妙に聞こえる。」 means “(It) sounds strange.”

          resources

  • youtube