notes

• some Japanese verbs can only be translated to English using the passive voice even though that is not exactly what is happening in Japanese
  • ex: 「乱れる」 means “to do (the state of) disordered”
  • ex: 「欠ける」 means “to do (the state of) lacking”
• there are Japanese verbs that get translated as “becoming” verbs in English
  • ex: 「濡れる」 means “to do (the state of) wet”
  • ex: 「濁る」 means “to do (the state of) cloudy/muddy”

    resources

• youtube